Vocabulary
sagót
Show
answer
Show
takot
Show
fear
Show
init
Show
heat
Show
biro
Show
joke
Show
tutók
Show
concentration
Show
hirap
Show
difficulty
Show
turò
Show
teaching
Show
kita
Show
sight
Show
Note – you have seen all of these roots before in verbs and adjectives. These are nouns.
Grammar
Sometimes it is ok to just use a root, rather than a complete verb or adjective. I call this the “short” form. You will definitely hear this in colloquial speech, but it is less common than the “normal” form, so I will restrict it to this lesson only. Note that these roots may have stress/glottal stops different from full verbs/adjectives. Compare magturo with turò and nakatutok with tutók.
Short form for verbs
Root + Ng phrase = Verb + Ng phrase
You have already seen these:
Ex: Alam ko, maganda siya.
Show
= Nalalaman ko, maganda siya. = I know she is beautiful.
Show
Ex: Sabi ni Joshua, ikinuha mo ako ng mangga.
Show
= Sinabi ni Joshua, ikinuha mo ako ng mangga. = Joshua said that you got me a mango.
Show
Ex: Sagot ni Angel, pupunta si Maria sa Pilipinas.
Show
= Sinagot ni Angel, pupunta si Maria sa Pilipinas. = Angel answered Maria will go to the Philippines.
Show
Short form for “Very Adjective”
Ang + Root + Ng form phrase = Sobrang + Adj + Ang form phrase
Ex: Ang ganda mo.
Show
= Sobrang maganda ka. = You are very pretty.
Show
Ex: Ang dami ng mga sasakyan.
Show
= Sobrang marami ang mga sasakyan. = There are very many cars.
Show
Ex: Ang mura ng eskwelahang yun.
Show
= Sobrang mura ang eskwelahang yun. = That school is very cheap.
Show
This structure is also used to exclaim “How adjective it is!”
Ex: Ang init ko!
Show
= Sobrang mainit ako! = How hot I am! = I am very hot!
Show
Ex: Ang saya mo na!
Show
= Sobrang masaya ka na! = How happy you are already! = You are very happy already!
Show
Ex: Ang mura naman ng eskuwelahang yun!
Show
= Sobrang mura naman ng eskwelahang yun! = How cheap that school is (by contrast)! = That school is very cheap (by contrast)!
Show
Sample sentences
Use the short form.
Q1
She answered, they lived in their favorite place.
Sagot niya, nakatira sila sa pinakagusto nilang lugar.
Q2
We were very frightened when we watched TV on the last day of September.
Ang takot namin nung nanood kami ng TV nung huling araw ng Setyembre.
Q3
How hot I am! It is like I am inside the sun now.
Ang init ko! Parang nasa loob ako ng araw ngayon.
Q4
He joked, "The woman wearing shoes in the water is very famous".
Biro niya, sobrang sikat ng babaeng nakasapatos sa tubig.
Q5
He is very focused when he plays like that, isn't he?
Ang tutok niya kapag naglalaro siya nang ganun, di ba?
Q6
How difficult the year is! She wants to have money, but she has none. (magka-)
Ang hirap ng taon! Gusto niyang magkapera, pero wala.
Q7
Mrs. Cruz pointed out the bus is faster than a bicycle.
Turo ni Mrs. Cruz, mas mabilis ang bus kaysa sa bisikleta.
Q8
You are very pretty. Do you have a companion?
Ang ganda mo. Meron ka bang kasama?
Q9
How tired I am! It is fun for you, but I need to sleep.
Ang pagod ko! Nakakatuwa ito para sa iyo, pero kailangan kong matulog.
Q10
I see it is difficult to believe such an answer.
Kita ko, mahirap maniwala sa ganitong sagot.
Drills - Lesson 54