Vocabulary
kanino
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whose; to whom
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nakanino
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at whose place; with whom
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*nino
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whose
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*This word will not appear in sample sentences.
Grammar
We introduced sino in one of the first lessons and promised to get deeper, so here we are. Sino is the ang form of “who”. In this lesson we cover sino deeper, and introduce the ng, sa and nasa forms as well.
Sino
In general, sino is an alternate for alin that only works with people. We will always use sino when working with people in this book. Here are four common ways that sino is used.
sinong + person (Tag.) = which person (Eng.)
Ex: Sinong guro?
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= Which teacher?
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Ex: Sinong mga bata?
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= Which kids?
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Ex: Sinong estudyante ang nag-aral ng Ingles?
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= Which student studied English?
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sino + person (Tag.) = who is person (Eng.)
Note: Person takes ang form.
Ex: Sino ang guro?
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= Who is the teacher?
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Ex: Sino ang mga bata?
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= Who are the kids?
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Ex: Sino ang estudyanteng nag-aral ng Ingles?
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= Who is the student who studied English?
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sino + people (Tag.) = which of the people (Eng.)
Note: People takes sa form.
Ex: Sino sa mga guro?
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= Which of the teachers?
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Ex: Sino sa mga bata?
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= Which of the kids?
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Ex: Sino sa mga estudyanteng nag-aral ng Ingles?
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= Which of the students who studied English?
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Sino + ang + phrase? (Tag) = Who phrase? (Eng)
Ex: Sino ang kumakain ng lechon?
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= Who eats lechon?
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Similarly:
Ex: Sinong bata ang kumakain ng lechon?
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= Which kid eats lechon?
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Ex: Sino ang nag-aral ng Ingles?
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= Who studied English?
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Ex: Sinong estudyante ang nag-aral ng Ingles?
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= Which student studied English?
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Kanino
Kanino is the sa form of sino, and it can take the place of sa form pronouns and people. Kanino phrases are normally near the front of the sentence. Take the sentence:
Ex: Nagbigay si Maria ng tsokolate kay David.
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= Maria gave David some chocolate.
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Replacing kay David with kanino and moving it to the front:
Ex: Kanino nagbigay si Maria ng tsokolate?
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= Who did Maria give chocolate to?
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Ex: Para kanino gumagawa si Joe ng lechon?
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= Who is Joe making lechon for?
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Ex: Kanino mo sinabi ang totoo?
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= Who did you tell the truth to?
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Kanino can also be used for possessives:
kanino + linker + phrase (Tag.) = whose phrase (Eng.)
Ex: Kaninong guro yun?
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= Whose teacher is that?
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Ex: Kaninong mga bata ito?
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= Whose kids are these?
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Ex: Kaninong estudyante ang nag-aral ng Ingles?
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= Whose student studied English?
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Nakanino
Nakanino is the nasa form of sino, and it can take the place of na kay or na kina noun clauses. Take the sentence:
Ex: Na kina Joshua si David.
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= David is at Joshua’s.
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Replacing Na kina Joshua with Nakanino:
Ex: Nakanino si David?
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= Whose place is David at?
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Nakanino above means “at whose place” but it can also mean “who has”:
Ex: Nakanino ang pagkain?
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= Who has the food?/Whose place is the food at?
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Ex: Nakanino sina Joe at Angel?
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= Whose place are Joe and Angel at?
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Ex: Nakanino ang pusa?
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= Who has the cat?/Who is the cat with?
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Extra: Nino
Nino is the ng form of sino, and it can take the place of ng form personal pronouns and people. It is normally used in possessive phrases. Take the sentence:
Ex: Guro ko yun.
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= That is my teacher.
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Replacing ko with nino:
Ex: Guro nino yun?
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= Whose teacher is that?
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However, it is more common to use the kanino + linker structure covered above.
It is also possible to replace ng form actors in clauses with nino:
Ex: Ginawa nino ang halo-halo?
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= Who made the halo-halo?
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But it is much more common to use sino ang to express these:
Ex: Sino ang gumawa ng halo-halo?
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= Who made halo-halo?
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We will not use nino from now on.
Sample sentences
Q1
Whose president is like this? Is he as annoying as Diego?
Kaninong pangulo ang ganito? Kasing nakakainis ba siya ni Diego?
Q2
Which kid is wearing shoes?
Sinong bata ang nakasapatos?
Q3
Whose place are Luis and Diego at? They are not at home.
Nakanino sina Luis at Diego? Wala sila sa bahay.
Q4
Which of the ones who were mocked is like your wife?
Sino sa mga pinagtawanan ang parang asawa mo?
Q5
Who did Mrs. Castillo get this job for?
Para kanino kumuha si Mrs. Castillo ng trabahong ito?
Q6
Which woman is more beautiful than Jessica?
Sinong babae ang mas maganda kaysa kay Jessica?
Q7
I do not know who the very tired child is with.
Hindi ko alam kung nakanino ang sobrang pagod na bata.
Q8
Which of the students is the most frightened?
Sino sa mga estudyante ang pinakatakot?
Q9
Whose teacher did we discuss like that?
Kaninong guro ang pinag-usapan natin nang ganun?
Q10
Analyn and Jasmine are not the same. Whose place are they at?
Hindi pareho sina Analyn at Jasmine. Nakanino sila?
Drills - Lesson 56