Vocabulary
ibigáy
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to give something (OF(DO))
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iturò
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to point something out; show something (OF(DO))
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ilagáy
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to put something (OF(O))
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itaním
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to plant something (OF(DO))
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isama
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to bring someone along; to include something (OF(DO))
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Grammar
I- verbs are the last of the big six, so congratulations! Many focuses are possible with i- verbs: OF, BF, CF, IF, MF and RF. We will not cover CF, IF, MF or RF because they are much less common. Other than discussing formation and aspect, which apply to all i- verbs, this lesson will cover OF i- verbs. The next lesson will cover BF i- verbs.
Traits of OF i- verbs
No special nuances; just to perform an OF action.
Infinitive
Add i before the root. Sometimes there is morphing, but unlike -an and -in verbs, all aspects are derived from the infinitive, so memorizing the infinitive is enough.
Ex: i + bigay => ibigáy
Ex: i + turo => iturò
Ex: i + lagay => ilagáy
Completed Aspect
Insert in before the second vowel of the infinitive (see mag- verbs for stress patterns).
Ex: ibigáy
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=> ibinigáy
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Ex: iturò
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=> itinurò
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Exception – If the root begins with a vowel, h, l, r, w or y, it is more common to insert ni in front of the root in the infinitive. Notice that these are the same exception letters used for -in and -an verbs, but for i- verbs, vowels and h are also included.
Ex: ilagáy
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=> inilagáy
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Uncompleted Aspect
From the infinitive, repeat the first syllable of the root then insert in before the second vowel (see mag- verbs for stress patterns).
Ex: ibigáy
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=> ibiníbigáy
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Ex: iturò
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=> itinuturò
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Ex: ilagáy
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=> inilálagáy
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Contemplated Aspect
Add the first two syllables of the infinitive to the root (see mag- verbs for stress patterns).
Ex: ibi + bigay
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=> ibíbigáy
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Ex: itu + turo
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=> ituturò
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Ex: ila + lagay
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=> ilálagáy
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Standard Sentence
These are OF verbs, so as a reminder:
Form Pattern
Form
actor
object
X
AF
ang
ng
sa
OF
ng
ang
sa
Other
ng
ng
ang
Table 3: The Three Form
Patterns for Standard Sentences
Ex: Ibigay mo ang aso kay Maria.
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= Give Maria the dog.
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Ex: Itinuro ni Jason ang lechon sa kanila.
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= Jason showed them the lechon.
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Ex: Ilalagay ng guro ang mga mangga sa eskwelahan.
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= The teacher will put the mangoes in the school.
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If you are wondering why the ang + sa phrase order is not reversed here, it is because it does not cause ambiguity. For example, natives would not interpret Ibigay mo (ang aso kay Maria) as “Give (the dog with Maria)” because the sentence would be missing a recipient. So the standard order is preferred in this case.
Sample sentences
Q1
When did you give the three hundred pesos to Joaquin?
Kailan mo ibinigay ang tatlong daang piso kay Joaquin?
Q2
Does she point out the school to them when she is here?
Itinuturo ba niya ang eskwelahan sa kanila kapag nandito siya?
Q3
She will not be allowed to put the questions on the door this year.
Hindi siya hahayaang ilagay ang mga tanong sa pinto sa taong ito.
Q4
What is the 4th tree the man planted?
Ano ang ikaapat na punong itinanim ng lalaki?
Q5
Take Jessica and Jasmine along and buy shoes.
Isama mo sina Jessica at Jasmine at bilhin mo ang mga sapatos.
Q6
I will give her the eight hours if I do it.
Ibibigay ko sa kaniya ang walong oras kung gagawin ko ito.
Q7
This is the 5th time I pointed that out to her.
Ito ang ikalimang beses na itinuro ko sa yun kaniya.
Q8
They are getting the one we put on the table.
Kinukuha nila ang inilagay namin sa lamesa.
Q9
Analyn's husband will plant the tree in that glass.
Itatanim ng asawa ni Analyn ang puno sa basong yun.
Q10
She had her child accompany her for only 9 seconds.
Isinama niya ang anak niya nang siyam na segundo lang.
Drills - Lesson 35