Vocabulary
gawín
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to do/make something (OF(O), root = gawa)
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kunin
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to get/take something (OF(O), root = kuha)
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bilhín
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to buy something (OF(O), root = bili)
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mahirap
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poor; difficult (adj); poor person (noun)
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Grammar
As you have seen, the linker can be used to join words, phrases or clauses. This lesson covers some of the most common word-linker-word combinations. Sometimes it is helpful to remember that the linker behaves like a relative pronoun.
English grammar reminder: some examples of relative pronouns are “that” in "the car that I bought" and “who” in "the girl who is beautiful".
Below are some examples.
Word-Linker-Word Combinations you have Seen
You have already seen these. The order can be reversed, but we will show only the ones used in this book.
Noun + Demonstrative Pronoun
Ex: pagkaing ito
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= this food
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Ex: mga inuming yun
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= those drinks
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Ex: gusaling ito
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= this building
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Adj + Noun
Ex: mga magagandang babae
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= beautiful girls
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Ex: mahirap na lalaki
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= poor man
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Ex: masayang estudyante
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= happy student
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Adj + Adj
Ex: murang puting sasakyan
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= cheap, white car
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Ex: magandang masayang babae
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= beautiful, happy woman
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Ex: mahirap na pagod na pangulo
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= poor, tired president
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Adj + Verb Infinitive
Ex: magandang magsabi
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= It is good to tell the truth.
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Ex: masarap magbisikleta
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= satisfying to bicycle
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Ex: magandang mag-aral
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= good to study
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Noun + Verb
Ex: lalaking nagmaneho
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= the man who drove
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Ex: sapatos na ginagawa
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= shoes that are being made
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Ex: babaeng bibigyan
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= the woman who it will be given to
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Verb1 + Infinitive2
You have not seen these yet, and their order cannot be reversed.
Verb1 + linker + Infinitive2 + actor + object + X = Verb1 + Infinitive2 Sentence
Ex1: Sinubukang kunin ng bata ang pera.
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= The kid tried to take the money.
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Ex2: Saan siya matututong magbisikleta?
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= Where will he learn to bicycle?
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Ex3: Hinahayaang umalis ang aso.
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= The dog is being allowed to leave.
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Only certain verb combinations will work here; let English be your guide. For example, “try to take” works in English, so it works in Tagalog. “Eat to take” does not work in English, so it does not work in Tagalog. However, be aware that there are some English combinations that do not work in Tagalog. For example “go to play” is fine in English, but does not work in Tagalog using the structure above. There are ways to say it, but they require different structures.
Sample sentences
Q1
Will he try to create the seventh question?
Susubukan ba niyang gawin ang ikapitong tanong?
Q2
Joe was allowed to eat a mango.
Hinayaang kumain si Joe ng mangga.
Q3
My wife already bought the hot beverages. (resp.)
Binili na po ng asawa ko ang mga mainit na inumin.
Q4
It is not hard to learn English, is it?
Hindi mahirap matuto ng Ingles, no?
Q5
Where is Mrs. Cruz learning to cook adobo?
Saan natututong magluto si Mrs. Cruz ng adobo?
Q6
What did she remember to make? The lechon?
Ano ang naalala niyang gawin? Ang lechon?
Q7
Analyn will begin to take the money tomorrow.
Sisimulang kunin ni Analyn ang pera bukas.
Q8
They already tried to buy the store in the year 2007.
Sinubukan na nilang bilhin ang tindahan nung taong dalawang libo’t pito.
Q9
It is difficult to sleep in the restroom, for me.
Mahirap matulog sa CR, para sa akin.
Q10
The kid will be taught to play.
Tuturuang maglaro ang bata.
Drills - Lesson 33