Log de Italiano y Alemán - Basics

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He decidido que cada día aprenderé un verbo y a como conjugarlos en presente simple con sus pronombres respectivos (1ra, 2da y 3ra persona, plural y singular) en italiano y en alemán. Debido a sus similitudes, anotare estos mismos verbos en español (nativo) e inglés.


Tabla básica de pronombres:


                                       ESPAÑOL ITALIANO INGLES ALEMÁN

Singular: _are/_ere/_ire

1ra persona Yo Io _o/o/o-isco I Ich

2da persona Tu/Usted Tu _i/i/i-isci You Du

3ra persona El/Ella Lui/Lei _a/e/isce He/She/It Er/Sie/Es


Plural:

1ra persona nosotros Noi _iamo We Wir

2da persona vosotros Voi _ate/ete/ite You Ihr

3ra persona ellos/ellas/ustedes Loro _ano/ono/ono-iscono They Sie



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#1
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VERBO: SER / ESSERE / TO BE / SEI


                                            ESPAÑOL ITALIANO INGLÉS ALEMÁN

Ser Essere To be Sei

Singular:

1ra persona Yo soy Io sono I am Ich bin

2da persona Tu eres / Usted es Tu sei You are Du bist

3ra persona El/Ella es Lui/Lei è He/She/It is Er/Sie/Es ist


Plural:

1ra persona nosotros somos Noi siamo We are Wir sind

2da persona vosotros sois Voi siete You are Ihr seid

3ra persona ellos/ellas/ustedes son Loro sono They are Sie sind


VERBO: COMER / MANGIARE / EAT / ESSEN


ESPAÑOL ITALIANO INGLÉS ALEMÁN

Comer Mangiare Eat Essen

Singular:

1ra persona Yo como Io mangio I eat Ich esse

2da persona Tu comes / Usted come Tu mangi You eat Du isst

3ra persona El/Ella come Lui/Lei mangia He/She/It eats Er/Sie isst


Plural

1ra persona nosotros comemos Noi mangiamo We eat Wir essen

2da persona vosotros coméis Voi mangiate You eat Ihr esst

3ra persona ellos/ellas/ustedes comen Loro mangiano They eat Sie essen


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#2
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VERBO: LEER / LEGGERE / READ / LESEN


                                             ESPAÑOL ITALIANO INGLÉS ALEMÁN

                                                Leer Leggere Read Lesen

Singular:

1ra persona Yo leo Io leggo I read Ich lese

2da persona Tu lees / Usted lee Tu leggi You read Du liest

3ra persona El/Ella lee Lui/Lei legge He/She/It reads Er/Sie/Es liest


Plural:

1ra persona nosotros leemos Noi leggiamo We read Wir lesen

2da persona vosotros leéis Voi leggete You read Ihr lest

3ra persona ellos/ellas/ustedes leen Loro leggono They read Sie lesen




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#3
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VERBO: ESCRIBIR / SCRIVERE / WRITE / SCHREIBEN


                                             ESPAÑOL ITALIANO INGLÉS ALEMÁN

Escribir Scrivere Write Schreiben

Singular:

1ra persona Yo escribo Io scrivo I write Ich schreibe

2da persona Tu escribes / Usted escribe Tu scrivi You write Du schreibst

3ra persona El/Ella escribe Lui/Lei scrive He/She/It writes Er/Sie/Es schreibt


Plural:

1ra persona nosotros escribimos Noi scriviamo We write Wir schreiben

2da persona vosotros escribís Voi scrivete You write Ihr schreibt

3ra persona ellos/ellas/ustedes escriben Loro scrivono They write Sie schreiben

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#4
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VERBO: HABLAR / PARLARE / SPEAK / SPRECHEN


                                             ESPAÑOL ITALIANO INGLÉS ALEMÁN

Hablar Parlare Speak Sprechen

Singular:

1ra persona Yo hablo Io parlo I speak Ich spreche

2da persona Tu hablas / Usted habla Tu parli You speak Du sprichst

3ra persona El/Ella habla Lui/Lei parle He/She/It speaks Er/Sie/Es spricht


Plural:

1ra persona nosotros hablamos Noi parliamo We speak Wir sprechen

2da persona vosotros habláis Voi parlate You speak Ihr sprecht

3ra persona ellos/ellas/ustedes hablan Loro parlano They speak Sie sprechen


VERBO: VIVIR / VIVERE / LIVE / LEBEN


                                             ESPAÑOL ITALIANO INGLÉS ALEMÁN

Vivir Vivere Live Leben

Singular:

1ra persona Yo vivo Io vivo I live Ich lebe

2da persona Tu vives / Usted vive Tu vivi You livee Du lebst

3ra persona El/Ella vive Lui/Lei vive He/She/It lives Er/Sie/Es lebt


Plural:

1ra persona nosotros vivimos Noi viviamo We live Wir leben

2da persona vosotros vivís Voi vivete You live Ihr lebt

3ra persona ellos/ellas/ustedes viven Loro vivono They livee Sie leben



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#5
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VERBO: TENER / AVERE / HAVE / HABEN


                                         ESPAÑOL ITALIANO INGLÉS ALEMÁN

Tener Avere Have Haben

Singular:

1ra persona Yo tengo Io ho I have Ich habe

2da persona Tu tienes / Usted tiene Tu ha You have Du hast

3ra persona El/Ella tiene Lui/Lei ha He/She/It has Er/Sie/Es hat


Plural:

1ra persona nosotros tenemos Noi abbiamo We have Wir haben

2da persona vosotros tenéis Voi avete You have Ihr habt

3ra persona ellos/ellas/ustedes tienen Loro hanno They have Sie haben


VERBO: ELEGIR / SCEGLIERE / CHOOSE / WÄHLEN


                                             ESPAÑOL ITALIANO INGLÉS ALEMÁN

Elegir Scegliere Choose Wählen

Singular:

1ra persona Yo elijo Io scelgo I choose Ich wähle

2da persona Tu eliges / Usted elige Tu scegli You choose Du wählst

3ra persona El/Ella elige Lui/Lei sceglie He/She/It chooses Er/Sie/Es wählt


Plural:

1ra persona nosotros elegimos Noi scegliamo We choose Wir wählen

2da persona vosotros elegís Voi scegliete You choose Ihr wählt

3ra persona ellos/ellas/ustedes eligen Loro scelgono They choose Sie wählen

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#6
Posts0Likes0Joined4/9/2018LocationCaracas / VE
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This weekend I got a flu taken from some kind of biblical plague (that is how it felt), I couldn't do much so it made me realize that I have to put milestones along my learning path if I want to learn my target languages. So, I decided that my first milestone is in December. I want to be able to hear DW (Deutschland) and Rai (Italia) by then and being able to understand (to have an idea of what is happening) the news or TV shows they are broadcasting. To assure this, I will hear and read everyday something in German and Italian and I will keep it going with my Bart Simpson chalkboard method. Wish me luck! 


Oh yes and I will start to upload basic information here about my target languages aswell (is this as well or aswell?). Lets start with numbers!


Number in Spanish in Italian in English in German

0 cero zero null zero

1 uno uno ein one

2 dos due zwei two

3 tres tre drei three

4 cuatro quattro vier four

5 cinco cinque fünf five

6 seis sei sechs six

7 siete sette seiben seven

8 ocho otto acht eight

9 nueve nove neun nine

10 diez dieci zehn ten

________________________________________________________________________

20 veinte venti zwansig twenty

30 treinta trenta dreißig thirty

40 cuarenta quaranta vierzig forty

50 cincuenta cinquanta funfzig fifty

60 sesenta sessanta sechzig sixty

70 setenta settanta siebzig seventy

80 ochenta ottanta achtzig eighty

90 noventa novanta neunzig ninety

100 cien cento (ein)hundert (one)hundred

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#7
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SUSTANTIVOS EN ITALIANO:


Algunos sustantivos solo tienen una forma masculina (oumo) o una forma femenina (donna), otros pueden ser masculinos y femeninos (raggaza/ragazzo).

  • La forma plural de los sustantivos y adjetivos que terminan en "O" termina en "I"
  • La forma plural de los sustantivos y adjetivos que terminan en "A" termina en "E
  • La forma plural de TODOS los sustantivos (femeninos o masculinos) y adjetivos que terminan en "E" termina en "I", lo único que varía es el artículo que acompaña la palabra.

Masculino Femenino

Singolare ragazzO ragazzA

Plurale ragazzI ragazzE

Singolare fiorE televisionE

Plurale fiorI televisionI

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#8
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ARTÍCULOS EN ITALIANO:


ARTÍCULOS INDETERMINADOS/GLI ARTICOLI INDETERMINATIVI:


ARTÍCULO/ARTICOLO REGLA EJEMPLO/ESEMPI

(maschile)

un (singolare) Sustantivos que comienzan "un uomo", "un ragazzo"

con una vocal o consonante.

uno (singolare) Sustantivos que comienzan "uno studente"

con "Z", "GN", "PS", 

"S" + consonante.


ARTÍCULO/ARTICOLO REGLA EJEMPLO/ESEMPI

(femminile)

una (singolare) Sustantivos que comienzan "una donna", "una ragazza"

con una vocal o consonante.

un' (singolare) Sustantivos que comienzan "un'automobile"

con una vocal.


ARTÍCULO DETERMINADOS/GLI ARTICOLI DETERMINATIVI:


ARTÍCULO/ARTICOLO REGLA EJEMPLO/ESEMPI

(maschile)

il (singolare) Sustantivos que comienzan "il libro"

con consonante.

l' (singolare) Sustantivos que comienzan "l'uomo"

con una vocal.

lo (singolare) Sustantivos que comienzan "lo studente"

con "Z", "GN", "PS", 

"S" + consonante.

i (plurale) Sustantivos que comienzan "i libri"

con consonante.

gli (plurale) Sustantivos que comienzan "gli uomini", "gli studenti"

con vocal o "S" + consonante.


ARTÍCULO/ARTICOLO REGLA EJEMPLO/ESEMPI

(femminile)

la (singolare) Sustantivos que comienzan "la donna"

con consonante.

l' (singolare) Sustantivos que comienzan "l'automobile"

con vocal.

le (plurale) Sustantivos que comienzan "le donne", "le automobili"

con consonante o vocal.


ARTÍCULOS PARTITIVOS:


ARTÍCULO + PREPOSICIÓN = ARTÍCULO PARTITIVO

(maschile)

il di (de) del

lo di (de) dello

l' di (de) dell'

i di (de) dei

gli di (de) degli


ARTÍCULO + PREPOSICIÓN = ARTÍCULO PARTITIVO

(femminile)

la di (de) della

l' di (de) dell'

le di (de) delle

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#9
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VERBO: CORTAR / TAGLIARE / CUT / SCHNEIDEN


                                             ESPAÑOL ITALIANO INGLÉS ALEMÁN

Cortar Tagliare Cut Schneiden

Singular:

1ra persona Yo corto Io taglio I cut Ich schneide

2da persona Tu cortas / Usted corta Tu tagli You cut Du schneidest

3ra persona El/Ella corta Lui/Lei taglia He/She/It cuts Er/Sie/Es schneidet


Plural:

1ra persona nosotros cortamos Noi tagliamo We cut Wir schneiden

2da persona vosotros cortáis Voi tagliate You cut Ihr schneidet

3ra persona ellos/ellas/ustedes cortan Loro tagliano They cut Sie schneiden

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#10
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Hola, ¿qué tal?

How is your learning process going?


Some improvement suggestions below as well ;).


"sei": this is the imperative singular. The infinitive is "sein". Maybe that simply was a typo. 


So I'd like to tell you something which is Very On Topic: Once I read that someone misspelled this very word (typo) as type-oh.


"seiben" -> sieben.


"zwansig" -> zwanzig. 


"funfzig" -> fünfzig. Or fuenfzig. This is our alternative way of writing it, because Umlauts Really Do Matter. And yes, umlaut exists in English too, as a loanword. The genuine German plural would be (die) Umlaute.



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SGP = _____ _____ ____ (currently remixing my nickname)

My Youtube channel (EN, DE, ...)

Alpha Centauri Style Music (on Soundcloud)

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#11
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SGP wrote:
How is your learning process going?


Quite slow actually! Between the holidays and my job I might go crazy!


SGP wrote:

"sei": this is the imperative singular. The infinitive is "sein". Maybe that simply was a typo.


Thank you for the correction! I thik that's because of my small knowledge in Italian! haha

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#12
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Jess.PWinkler wrote:
SGP wrote:
"sei": this is the imperative singular. The infinitive is "sein". Maybe that simply was a typo.

Thank you for the correction! I thik that's because of my small knowledge in Italian! haha


De nada.


And your knowledge of Italian may be more comprehensive than you would think.


One day, I read a PDF about Dutch. It stated that when any native of German is beginning to learn Dutch, he doesn't start from zero, but from the upper beginner/intermediate level. While DE <-> NL and ES <-> IT aren't the very same in that regard, it still is a similar situation.


And by the way, guess what language I meant when I said something about "sei/sein"? German. Not Italian. :) Without any doubt, "essere" is the IT infinitive of to be. It only was about the following.


Jess.PWinkler wrote:

ESPAÑOL ITALIANO INGLÉS ALEMÁN

Ser Essere To be Sei

______________________________

SGP = _____ _____ ____ (currently remixing my nickname)

My Youtube channel (EN, DE, ...)

Alpha Centauri Style Music (on Soundcloud)

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#13
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SGP wrote:
And by the way, guess what language I meant when I said something about "sei/sein"? German. Not Italian. :) Without any doubt, "essere" is the IT infinitive of to be. It only was about the following.
Jess.PWinkler wrote:
ESPAÑOL ITALIANO INGLÉS ALEMÁN
Ser Essere To be Sei


Yes I know! I meant it that way because "you are" in italian is "tu sei", Iwas referring to that "sei" :)


SGP wrote:

And your knowledge of Italian may be more comprehensive than you would think.


This happens (to me) with italian and portuguese


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